Showing posts with label Language Arts. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Language Arts. Show all posts

Monday, February 7, 2011

Making Connections in Reading

"How we need storytellers, writers, and dramatists to offer fresh approaches to connect with reality that are rooted in God’s story. Yet each of us who longs to be faithful to the gospel and effective in connecting with postmodern listeners needs what A.W. Tozer calls a “sanctified imagination.”

In his essay The Value of the Sanctified Imagination Tozer observes:

"The value of the cleansed imagination in the sphere of religion lies in its power to perceive in natural things shadows of things spiritual. It enables the reverent man to ‘See the world in a grain of sand and eternity in an hour.’ " (quoted from an article by Stuart McAllister, vice-president of training and special projects at Ravi Zacharias International Ministries; A. W. Tozer, Born After Midnight)

I am always glad to hear that a student has "read for 1/2 hour each day" or that he "brought a bag full of books home from the library".  Reading, obviously, is a good thing.  Reading with "connection" is a better thing and it needs to be modeled and taught (rather than assumed). 

What is Reading with Connection?

Good readers make three kinds of connections: text to self, text to text and text to world.

A student begins making t-s (text to self) connections,  when an adult, reading aloud, asks, "Do you remember when you...?" or "What would you do next?"  Suddenly the student becomes engaged with the author in a dialogue.  The book is not happening on the page, but in his imagination, in his experience. That doesn't 'just happen" but needs to be given voice. Many a reluctant reader has never learned to make text to self connections and so an estranged relationship exists between reader and author.

As students become familiar with the idea of text to self, it times to branch out to text to text and text to world. You could model these connections first by sharing an excerpt of a  book you are reading (you ARE reading I hope!) and reading parts that show your connections to the text. Wouldn't your children enjoy shared reading a bit of your book as you model how to infer information from the text?  Do your children know that adults make connections to text when they are reading? or do they think that only happens in written novel studies which adults impose on children?

Making text to text connections is the obvious place to make connections from the story to Scripture.  Every author has a world view, a Big Picture which is being shared with his reader.  Helping students discover that picture, to compare and contrast with God's Big Picture is an essential part of  growing Thinking Readers.  It is not enough to say, "We don't read Harry Potter because it's bad!"  It is not enough to say, "We only read the classics."  We are charged with the responsibility to teach our children to engage mind, heart, faith, Truth in their reading choices.  Obviously, middle school age children read many more books than you could possibly pre-read.  How do you know what world view is being taught, what connections your child is making?  Writing a book report is not the exclusive answer!  Post-it notes provide a great way for students to demonstrate connections.

First you need to model how to write connections on post-it notes and how to code them, i.e. t-t,  t-s, t-w.  (Please - a FEW for a chapter! The idea is to engage the author, not kill the story!)  Write a Reader's Journal of 3 or 4 sentences to summarize thoughts, record ideas, ask the author questions, make predictions every three or four chapters.  See the thinking and engagement and comprehension flourish!

Tuesday, February 1, 2011

Writing A Report

Recently I presented a writing workshop at our Lower Mainland “Canadian Eh?”Learning Camp on how to write a report. Here are the basic steps which I hope you will find useful.

Writing a report:


I. Web information


1. Write a question which will focus on a specific topic:

Look through books, websites, write the answers in note form, not copying from the book or site! Record books/ sites on the back of your research sheet

2. Read the various facts you have. Number them in the best sequence. Complete the paragraph graphic


II Write and edit


3. Write out a rough draft. If you are handwriting, ALWAYS skip spaces so you can do corrections. Topic sentence rewords the question into a statement. Then 4-5 detail sentences follow. Each web line = 1 sentence which begins with a capital and ends with a period!

4. Read the paragraph out loud. Add describing words, “because” and stronger action verbs.


5. Although the research material will not mention God, how can you see and express God’s purposes, provision, Sovereignty in this story?


6. Suggested editing check list for grade 5-9 provided below. OBVIOUSLY this is a guideline, not a commandment! Grade 4 should attempt some of these.


III Proof read and publish


7. Good copy: Title page (border, large title, picture, author's name) done on paper, glued on to stiff paper. Each topic on a page with a picture (fully coloured?). Hand-written or word processor (size 12, 14 easy to read font, double spaced)


This will take “lots of time” and that's OK – valuable learning will have happened and many outcomes will have been met! Be sure the report is seen, read, appreciated by others!


Research web graphics:


Cluster web: http://www.eduplace.com/graphicorganizer/pdf/cluster.pdf

Simple cluster: http://www.eduplace.com/graphicorganizer/pdf/cluster_web3.pdf


Paragraph organizer graphics:


Sandwich: http://www.eduplace.com/graphicorganizer/pdf/sandwich.pdf


Ladder: http://www.eduplace.com/graphicorganizer/pdf/ladder.pdf


Editor’s checklist: grade 5-9


Correct format: title, name, date, spacing, margin


Each Paragraph

· Topic sentence

· Quality adjectives

· Adverbs (ly before or after the verb)

· Because

· Sentence starters: ly, prepositional, clausal

· Clincher or concluding sentence

· Variety of sentence structures: simple, complex, compound


God is glorified


Sentence starters:


1 ly (adverbial) opener: Quickly, Stubbornly, Silently, Gleefully… Frequently, Shyly,


2 Prepositional Opener: In, On, Under, Around, Near, Before, After, Beside

(hint: get a toy car and a lego figure.. think of all the ways he could be – in the car, on the car, under the car… )

3 Adverbial Clausal Opener: the best way to remember these are: “WW.ASIA”

When, While, As , Since, If, Although

4 participial opener: (Ing, Ed) openers

Running away
Numbed and defeated
Barking
Yelling loudly
Shocked

Tuesday, January 25, 2011

Project Idea: Napoleon

Here is a great example of how creativity meets learning outcomes in a project from Marcus and Alex Miller. Alex says:

“We included over 10 facts, and a couple dates, and one, arrogant, emotional, and dramatic Napoleon (me), interviewed by none other than Marcus (voice of Sean Connery)!”



Thanks, boys, for sharing your love of learning with us.

Saturday, January 22, 2011

A Project? They Want Us To Do a Project?

What exactly is a school project? Why do teachers assign them?  How can I, a home school Mum, already too busy, design a project?  Here, I hope, are a few starting points.

Projects do not need to be daunting, but they do need to be planned out.

Step 1:  What will the END product look like?  There are many ways to present learning in a project: written, published “book”, power point, oral presentation with visuals, dramatic recreation, LEGO stop motion animation, poster board, blog just begin the list.  Deciding on what the project will look like shapes the learning to take place.  Pick one idea and stick with it is usually the best advice.  What students learn along the way can be applied to the next project experience.

Step 2: Why?  Projects are ways to show learning and meet a wide variety of learning outcomes.  Projects involve creativity, summary, integration of learning, application of learning and, hopefully, some critical thinking with a Christian distinctive.  The PROCESS is far more important than the end product.  The most important evaluation question is: What would you do differently next time?

Step 3: Having decided on an end product, take time to draw up a criteria list.  This list shows students what they are aiming for, when they can consider the project “done’, and why they get the evaluation they get.   Support teachers are happy to help with this! 

Below is a sample criteria check list that I started for a student.  Mum completed the chart.

Criteria for Extreme Environments Project



Fully meets Exceeds
Demonstrate 3 -4 survival methods
Some detail for each method
Explains why the method is used; how it is effective; somewhat credible explanation
Fully explained detail for each method
Fully explains why the method is used; how it is effective; related directly to Nubian desert conditions; credible explanation
6 Journal entries Well written gr. 6 vocabulary, sentences flow, paragraph structured. Somewhat engaging, descriptive, logically sequenced. Reference to God Excellent vocabulary, sentence structure, varied sentence openers; paragraph structured; Very engaging through use of descriptors, action verbs, personal voice; faith in God; provision of God
Graphic content



Finished project: title page, works cited page, cover page



Attitude





This is the student’s initial plan after Mum presented the challenge:

Survive three days in the Nubian desert!
First, research Nubian Desert.

Second, study what desert survival methods I can employ using my army uniform, my journal (with pencil), military issue knife (study make of British 1942 military knife), pistol with 5 bullets left, my parachute, tin cup, compass with mirror.

The point of this project is to write journal entries on my time in the Nubian desert and how I survived.  So by the 13th of January I need to start journal entries.  I need to make about six detailed journal entries (maybe 300 words long each?) and after all that I'll make a two minute stop action video of a Lego soldier stuck in a desert. 

As part of the journal entries I'll add my own drawings modeled after real pictures of the Nubian desert, (if I can find any) so that my project has some visual reference apart from the stop action video.   

Step 4: Time Line. Time management is an excellent life learning skill.  Projects need a start date, enough time to complete, and a deadline.  Teaching students strategies for time management, for project organization, and responsibility for learning = excellent learning away from the workbook!

Step 5: Presentation. There is nothing like an appreciative audience to motivate a student!  Be sure to provide an audience who understand the purpose, who are prepared to be interested in the student and the work. 

I hope you feel encouraged and equipped to do a project for term 2!